2025, Vol. 6, Issue 2, Part E
Antifungal and antibiotic resistance in intensive care Units: Emerging microbial threats and molecular perspectives
Author(s): Syeda Tamanna Yasmin and Syed Sunny Farhad
Abstract: Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) poses a global health challenge, particularly within Intensive Care Units (ICUs), where patients are critically ill, immunocompromised, and frequently exposed to broad-spectrum antibiotics and antifungals. The convergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria and azole- or echinocandin-resistant fungi has led to complex nosocomial outbreaks, prolonged hospital stays, and increased mortality. This review explores the molecular mechanisms underlying bacterial and fungal resistance, highlighting key ICU pathogens such as Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida auris, and Aspergillus fumigatus. Emphasis is placed on biofilm formation, efflux pump activity, horizontal gene transfer, and environmental factors promoting microbial persistence. Diagnostic advancements including MALDI-TOF MS, Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS), and metagenomic approaches are discussed in the context of infection surveillance. The review further discusses combinatorial therapeutic approaches, antimicrobial stewardship, and the urgent need for integrated microbiological surveillance systems in ICUs. Understanding microbial evolution and genetic adaptation within these critical environments is vital for formulating precision-based antimicrobial strategies and reducing global AMR burden.
DOI: 10.22271/micro.2025.v6.i2e.288
Pages: 427-434 | Views: 131 | Downloads: 59
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How to cite this article:
Syeda Tamanna Yasmin, Syed Sunny Farhad. Antifungal and antibiotic resistance in intensive care Units: Emerging microbial threats and molecular perspectives. J Adv Microbiol Res 2025;6(2):427-434. DOI: 10.22271/micro.2025.v6.i2e.288
