2024, Vol. 5, Issue 2, Part B
The use of pigeon droppings in bioremediation of crude oil contaminated open farm
Author(s): Janet Olufunmilayo Williams, Nkpornwi Emmanuel Johnson and Renner R Nrior
Abstract: Crude oil pollution is an environmental problem that has assumed a global dimension particularly in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. This study employed experimental design, statistical analysis of the data and interpretation. A portion of Rivers State University demonstration farmland in Nkpolu-Oroworukwo, Mile 3 Diobu area of Port Harcourt, Rivers State was used for this study. Bioremediation monitoring lasted for 56 days, analysis carried out weekly (per 14 days interval). Three (3) experimental plots were employed using a Randomized Block Design each having dimensions of 100 x 50 x 20 cm (Length x Breadth x Height) were formed and mapped. The agricultural soil was left fallow for 6 days before contamination on the seventh day; after which it was allowed for 21 days for proper contamination and exposure to natural environmental factors to mimic crude oil spill site. Thereafter bio stimulating agents usually referred to as nutrient amendment organics in this study (Pigeon Droppings) were applied. Soil profile before and after contamination was assayed while parameters like Nitrate, Sulphate, Phosphate, were monitored throughout the experimental period. Microbial analyses such as Total Heterotrophic Bacteria (THB) and Hydrocarbon Utilizing Bacteria (HUB) were recorded. Bioremediation efficiency was estimated from percentage (%) reduction of Total Hydrocarbon Content (THC) from day 1 to the residual hydrocarbon at day 56 of bio augmented/ biostimulation plots with the control. Results: Results revealed amount of remediated hydrocarbon and % Bioremediation efficiency at 56 days in the different treatment plots (initial THC contamination value of 9296.83 mg/kg) in a decreasing order as follows: CS + PD (1740 mg/kg: 30.08%) and CS (1120 mg/kg: 19.36%). Microbiological results showed increased colonial values with increase time exposure. There was a decrease in the uncontaminated soil with 1.54×109 to 4.26×108 CFU/g; while in contaminated soil but un-amended soil decreased on day 14 to 42 with 2.70×108 and 2.36×108 cfu/g but subsequently increased on day 56 with 1.04×109 cfu/g. The results observed on day 56 indicated that contaminated soil + Pigeon droppings (1.50×109 CFU/g) HUB had its peak count on day 28. The highest count for each set ups during the monitoring were as follows; US (1.35×106Cfu/g) > CS (5.90×105 Cfu/g). Conclusion: Study showed that bioremediation of crude oil contaminated soils with bacteria singly is less effective but a combination with other organic nutrients is a better palliative measure. Therefore, amendment with organic nutrients like Goat manure and Fish wastes is recommended for crude oil contaminated soils due to its high nutrient content as substrates for biostimulation of indigenous and augmenting biodegrading microbes. This process could be a source of enhanced natural attenuation of oil-contaminated environments in Nigeria.”
DOI: 10.22271/micro.2024.v5.i2b.174
Pages: 136-144 | Views: 276 | Downloads: 145
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How to cite this article:
Janet Olufunmilayo Williams, Nkpornwi Emmanuel Johnson, Renner R Nrior. The use of pigeon droppings in bioremediation of crude oil contaminated open farm. J Adv Microbiol Res 2024;5(2):136-144. DOI: 10.22271/micro.2024.v5.i2b.174
