Journal of Advances in Microbiology Research
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P-ISSN: 2709-9431, E-ISSN: 2709-944X

2024, Vol. 5, Issue 1, Part B


Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage that have developed resistance to second and third generation cephalosporins


Author(s): Orji CO, Ogba RC, Emeruwa AP, Peter IU, Uzoeto HO and Agumah BN

Abstract: Cephalosporins have recently been used as a last resort therapy for complex bacteria infections.Unfortunately, there has been a global increase in cephalosporin-resistant strains to this drug class.This strain has become a major issue with tolerance and persistence now recognized as potential reasons for cephalosporin treatment failure. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence of S. aureus nasal carriage resistance to 2nd and 3rd generation Cephalosporin circulating Ishieke metropolis. A total of sixty (60) nasal swab samples were collected from students that reside around selected five off-campus hostel. The samples were analyzed using Standard microbiological culture and Staphaurex™ Latex Agglutination Test for identification of S. aureus. Antibiotic Resistance profile of S. aureus was performed using Kirby-bauer Disk diffusion method. The result of the study revealed a total of 38 (63.3%) positive S. aureus nasal carriage. The high carriage rate of positive samples was found in hostel HD (9/12, 75%), followed by hostel HB (8/12, 66.7%), hostel HE (8/12, 66.7%), hostel HA (7/12, 58.3%) and hostel HC (6/12, 50%) with the least carriage rate of S. aureus. The overall resistance proportion of S. aureus nasal carriage 57.3% and 42. 7% was recorded for 2nd and 3rd generation cephalosporin respectively. S. aureus nasal carriage resistance to 2nd generation cephalosporin were as follows: Cefoxitin resistance 100%, cefuroxime 55.6%-100%, cefotetan 50.0%-100%. 3rd generation cephalosporin were as follows: Ceftazidime 0-28.5%, Cefotaxime 50-71.4%, Ceftriaxone 50-100%. Our findings revealed a high level of resistance to most of the tested 2nd and 3rd Generation cephalosporin antibiotics except Ceftazidime. However, the low resistance rate to ceftazidime in our study substantiates the judicious use of the drug in treating S. aureus infection. In keeping with S. aureus prevention and containment methods, there is a need for novel approaches to prevent AMR to fourth-generation cephalosporins and other antibiotic classes. Combination therapy and the availability of novel anti-S. aureus drugs will be critical in combating AMR caused by S. aureus.

Pages: 130-135 | Views: 314 | Downloads: 147

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Journal of Advances in Microbiology Research
How to cite this article:
Orji CO, Ogba RC, Emeruwa AP, Peter IU, Uzoeto HO, Agumah BN. Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage that have developed resistance to second and third generation cephalosporins. J Adv Microbiol Res 2024;5(1):130-135.
Journal of Advances in Microbiology Research
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