2023, Vol. 4, Issue 2, Part B
Isolation and Antibiogram of bacteria and fungi associated with tattoo equipment used in port Harcourt metropolis
Author(s): Ogbonna SI, Odili KA, Ogbuleka NAC, Robinson VK and Isomah CJ
Abstract: A tattoo is a form of body modification made by using tools and equipment to insert ink, dyes and or pigments, either indelible or temporary into the dermis layer of the skin to form a design. This research was carried out to investigate the microorganisms associated with tattoo equipment used in Port Harcourt and to determine the antibiotics susceptibility of the bacterial isolates. A total of five swab samples from tattoo equipment within Port Harcourt metropolis were aseptically collected and cultured on appropriate Agar medium such as nutrient Agar, Mannitol salt Agar, Sabouraud dextrose Agar, using spread plate technique. The isolates were identified and characterized based on morphological and biochemical characteristics using standard tests. Results showed that the ranges of the total heterotrophic bacterial, Staphylococcal and fungal counts were 1.4×105 to 4.1×105, 1.3×103 to 5.0×103 and 0.0 to 1.6×103, respectively. Despite the disparity in the total heterotrophic bacterial and Staphylococcal counts in the tattoo equipment, no significant difference was recorded (P>0.05), but there was a significant difference (P<0.05) in the fungal count from tattoo equipment. Fifteen (15) bacteria species belonging to seven (7) genera were identified and include Bacillus sp. (7%), Proteus sp. (20%), Staphylococcus sp. (13%), Micrococcus sp. (7%), Enterococcus sp. (27%), Streptococcus sp. (13%) and Pseudomonas sp. (13%). The fungal isolates (7), were Aspergillus sp.(22.5%), Mucor sp. (12.5%) Penicillium sp. (18%), Trichoderma sp. (10%), Rhizopus sp. (17%), Candida sp. (12%) and Microsporum sp. (8%). The distribution of bacterial isolates showed that Bacillus sp. was the most distributed bacterial isolate while Streptococcus sp. and Micrococcus sp. were the least distributed isolates. Aspergillus sp was the most predominant fungal isolate followed by Penicillium and Rhizopus sp while Microsporum sp was the least fungal isolates from the tattoo equipment. Sensitivity results showed that Ciprofloxacin, gentamycin, levofloxacin and streptomycin were the most effective antibiotics against the isolated bacteria. Proper sterilization and good hygiene are recommended for both spa owners and patrons, to prevent any form of infection during tattooing.
DOI: 10.22271/micro.2023.v4.i2b.116
Pages: 134-139 | Views: 415 | Downloads: 165
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How to cite this article:
Ogbonna SI, Odili KA, Ogbuleka NAC, Robinson VK, Isomah CJ. Isolation and Antibiogram of bacteria and fungi associated with tattoo equipment used in port Harcourt metropolis. J Adv Microbiol Res 2023;4(2):134-139. DOI: 10.22271/micro.2023.v4.i2b.116
