2020, Vol. 1, Issue 1, Part A
Molecular characterization of antibiotic resistance genes in extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing gram-negative bacteria isolated from urine specimens of pregnant women in Akwa Ibom state, South Nigeria
Author(s): Dr. Uyanga Florence Zion, Nwankwo Emmanuel Onwubiko and Owowo, Etanguno Effiong
Abstract: Extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) are enzymes produced by members of the Enterobacteriaceae which can hydrolyze the beta-lactam antibiotics like penicillins and cephalosporins and thereby confer antibiotic resistance on strains producing them. Bacterial isolates producing ESBLs have spread to different parts of the world. The ESBLs are encoded by several different genetic elements borne on the chromosome and plasmids. This study was carried out to characterize the genes responsible for antibiotic resistance in ESBL producing Gram -negative bacteria isolated from urine specimens of pregnant women attending antenatal care at three General Hospitals in Akwa Ibom State. A total of 660 urine specimens were collected from the women between July and December 2018. The specimens were inoculated on MacConkey agar and incubated at 37 °C for 24h. The biochemical characterization of the isolates was done using the Microbact 24E (Oxoid Ltd, UK). Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done by Kirby-Bauer disc agar diffusion method. The isolates were tested for the production of ESBL using Double Disk Synergy test and CHROMagar ESBL. Genomic and plasmid DNA from ESBL producing strains was extracted and amplified using the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) with primers for blaTEM, blaSHV and blaCTX-M-15genes. A total of 252 isolates of which 231(92%) were ESBL producers were recorded. In this study, Enterobacter cloacae was the most frequently isolated ESBL producer (25.7%, followed by Escherichiacoli (20.2%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (16.3%). Genotypic characterization of the ESBL producing isolates showed blaCTX-M-15 to be the most prevalent (26%). The prevalence of blaTEMand blaSHV was 20%, respectively. The incidence of carriage of multiple bla genes was low, ranging from 2-6% of different combinations. This study has shown the existence of multiple bla genes in the Gram-negative bacterial isolates from pregnant women from the community in the study areas. This calls for urgent public health measures to implement antimicrobial resistance stewardship to mitigate against the potential adverse effects of the spread of resistant bacteria carrying genes for resistance to extended spectrum beta-lactam antibiotics which are vital for management of serious bacterial infections.
Pages: 50-57 | Views: 315 | Downloads: 141
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How to cite this article:
Dr. Uyanga Florence Zion, Nwankwo Emmanuel Onwubiko, Owowo, Etanguno Effiong. Molecular characterization of antibiotic resistance genes in extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing gram-negative bacteria isolated from urine specimens of pregnant women in Akwa Ibom state, South Nigeria. J Adv Microbiol Res 2020;1(1):50-57.
